14 important incidents of indian history before financial crisis

1947: Independence and Partition
Muslim refugees crowd onto a train near New Delhi during the bloody Partition of Hindu-majority India and Muslim-majority Pakistan. Some 15 million people are displaced and an estimated 500,000 killed in the savage violence sparked by Britain's division of its former colony.

1952: Towards Socialism
The Congress Party, headed by India's first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, triumphs in the young nation's first general election. Nehru establishes a five-year plan for agricultural reform, committing India to a socialist path to development.

1962: India vs. China
Reinforcements head to the front after China steamrolls India's unprepared defenses, seizing a chunk of Kashmir that it holds to this day. The defeat is a dark moment in India's young history and a political blow from which Nehru never recovers. Battling ill health, he dies two years later.

1965: The Second Kashmir War
Housewives and students take target practice in Dhaka, East Pakistan (now Bangladesh), responding to a government call to arms during India and Pakistan's second major conflict over the disputed Kashmir region. The Second Kashmir War ends indecisively with a U.N.-mandated ceasefire.

1971: Independence for Bangladesh
Indian troops are hailed as liberators as they enter Dhaka, East Pakistan, during India and Pakistan's third major conflict. The war ends with a decisive Indian victory and statehood for East Pakistan, which becomes known as Bangladesh.

1975: The Emergency
Beset by growing political disorder, Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, Nehru's daughter, declares emergency rule. Thousands are detained during India's flirtation with authoritarianism, but the experiment is short-lived: the Emergency is lifted in 1977 and subsequent elections sweep Gandhi and the Congress Party out of power.

1983: A Win for India
India wins the Cricket World Cup for the first and only time in the cricket-obsessed nation's history, beating tournament favorites West Indies in the final.

1984: Gandhi Assassinated
Indira Gandhi, returned to power in 1980, is killed by her own Sikh bodyguards, leading to anti-Sikh riots in Delhi where thousands die. She is cremated by her son Rajiv (second from left) and daughter-in- law Sonia (in sunglasses) — a Prime Minister and future head of the Congress Party, respectively.

1992: The Destruction of the Babri Masjid
Far-right Hindu activists raze a 16th-century mosque, the Babri Masjid, in Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, claiming it had been erected on top of a Hindu temple. The destruction sparks religious riots throughout India.

1998: A New Nuclear Power
With its new Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee (third from left) in attendance, India shocks the world by detonating a nuclear weapon beneath the remote Thar Desert on May 11; two weeks later, Pakistan replies with a weapons test of its own. The prospect of two antagonistic nuclear powers on the subcontinent raises fears of nuclear war, especially after India and Pakistan clash again over Kashmir less than a year later.

2002: Gujurat Burns
After a train carrying Hindu pilgrims is allegedly set on fire by Muslims, a brutal backlash in the western state of Gujarat results in the deaths of nearly a thousand people. The riots, carried live on television nationwide, spark an outcry against the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), whose officials in Gujarat are accused of being complicit in the violence.

2003: The World's Back Office
India's fourth-quarter GDP growth hits double-digits, thanks to bumper crops and growth in IT and outsourcing. The 10.4% rate is the fastest among emerging nations.

2004: New Faces and Old
Under Sonia Gandhi, the Italian-born widow of former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, a resurgent Congress Party sweeps the ruling BJP out of power. Manmohan Singh, a former Finance Minister who spearheaded India's economic reforms, is appointed Prime Minister.

2007: The Sky's the Limit
In early July, the Bombay Stock Exchange Sensex Index eclipses the 15,000 mark for the first time. The milestone means India's markets have soared fivefold in five years.

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That is INDIA!!!! I LOVE MY GREAT INDIA..I!!!!!!!!

FACTS TO MAKE EVERY Indian PROUD

Q. Who is the GM of Hewlett Packard (hp) ?

A. Rajiv Gupta

Q. Who is the creator of Pentium chip (needs no introduction as 90% of the today's computers run on it)?
A. Vinod Dahm

Q. Who is the third richest man on the world?
A. According to the latest report on Fortune Magazine, it is Azim Premji, who is the CEO of Wipro Industries. The Sultan of Brunei is at 6 th position now.

Q. Who is the founder and creator of Hotmail (Hotmail is world's No.1 web based email program)?
A. Sabeer Bhatia

Q. Who is the president of AT & T-Bell Labs (AT & T-Bell Labs is the creator of program languages such as C, C++, Unix to name a few)?
A. Arun Netravalli

Q. Who is the new MTD (Microsoft Testing Director) of Windows 2000, responsible to iron out all initial problems?

A. Sanjay Tejwrika

Q. Who are the Chief Executives of CitiBank, Mckensey & Stanchart?
A. Victor Menezes, Rajat Gupta, and Rana Talwar.

Q. We Indians are the wealthiest among all ethnic groups in America , even faring better than the whites and the natives.
There are 3.22 millions of Indians in USA (1.5% of population). YET,
38% of doctors in USA are Indians.

12% scientists in USA are Indians.
36% of NASA scientists are Indians.

34% of Microsoft employees are Indians.
28% of IBM employees are Indians.
17% of INTEL scientists are Indians.
13% of XEROX employees are! Indians.

Some of the following facts may be known to you. These facts were recently published in a German magazine, which deals with WORLD HISTORY FACTS ABOUT INDIA .
1. India never invaded any country in her last 1000 years of history.
2. India invented the Number system. Zero was invented by Aryabhatta.
3. The world's first University was established in Takshila in 700BC. More than 10,500 students from all over the world studied more than 60 subjects. The University of Nalanda built in the 4 th century BC was one of the greatest achievements of ancient India in the field of education.
4. According to the Forbes magazine, Sanskrit is the most suitable language for computer software.

5. Ayurveda is the earliest school of medicine known to humans.
6. Although western media portray modern images of India as poverty striken and underdeveloped through political corruption, India was once the richest empire on earth.

7. The art of navigation was born in the river Sindh 5000 years ago. The very word 'Navigation' is derived from the Sanskrit word NAVGATIH.
8. The value of pi was first calculated by Budhayana, and he explained the concept of what is now k! nown as the Pythagorean Theorem. British scholars have last year (1999) officially published that Budhayan's works dates to the 6 th Century which is long before the European mathematicians.

9. Algebra, trigonometry and calculus came from India . Quadratic equations were by Sridharacharya in the 11 th Century; the largest numbers the Greeks and the Romans used were 106 whereas Indians used numbers as big as 10 53..
10.. According to the Gemmological Institute of America, up until 1896, India was the only source of diamonds to the world.

11. USA based IEEE has proved what has been a century-old suspicion amongst academics that the pioneer of wireless communication was Professor Jagdeesh Bose and not Marconi.
12. The earliest reservoir and dam for irrigation was built in Saurashtra.

13. Chess was invented in India .

14. Sushruta is the father of surgery. 2600 years ago he and health scientists of his time conducted surgeries like cesareans, cataract, fractures and urinary stones.. Usage of anaesthesia was well known in ancient India .
15. When many cultures in the world were only nomadic forest dwellers over 5000 years ago, Indians established Harappan culture in Sindhu Valley ( Indus Valley Civilisation).
16. The place value system, the decimal system was developed in India in 100 BC.

Quotes about India .

We owe a lot to the Indians, who taught us how to count, without which no worthwhile scientific discovery could have been made.
Albert Einstein.

India is the cradle of the human race, the birthplace of human speech, the mother of history, the grandmother of legend and the great grand mother of tradition.
Mark Twain.

If there is one place on the face of earth where all dreams of living men have found a home from the very earliest days when man began the dream of existence, it is India .
French scholar Romain Rolland.

India conquered and dominated China culturally for 20 centuries without ever having to send a single soldier across her border.
Hu Shih

(former Chinese ambassador to USA )

ALL OF THE ABOVE IS JUST THE TIP OF THE ICEBERG, THE LIST COULD BE ENDLESS.
BUT, if we don't see even a glimpse of that great India in the India that we see today, it clearly means that we are not working up to our potential; and that if we do, we could once again be an evershining and inspiring country setting a bright path for rest of the world to follow.
I hope you enjoyed it and work towards the welfare of INDIA .

Please forward this to all known INDIANS................

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Hyderabad The City of Pearls,Lakes and Gardens..... .

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Hyderabad, the fifth largest metropolis of India, is the state capital of Andhra Pradesh. The city is nearly 400 years old and is noted for its rich history and culture with monuments, mosques, temples, and a rich and varied heritage in arts, crafts and dance.

Attached to the city is its twin, Secunderbad. The Husain Sagar, an artificial lake constructed during the time of Ibrahim Quli Qutb Shah Wali in 1562 A.D, separates the twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderbad. Covering an area of 260 km², Hyderabad has a poppulation of approximately 4 million. Urdu, Telegu and Hindi are the local languages of the indigenous population.

Hyderabad has been the meeting place of many different cultures and traditions and is known to be the city where the distinct cultural and linguistic traditions of North India and South India meet. Hyderabad also has a very good transport system. It is well connected to the outer world through its airways and railways. The public transport in Hyderabad comprises of local trains, 3-seater and 7-seater auto-rickshaws, buses and also private taxis for sightseeing.

Hyderabad is one of the most developed cities in the country and is the emerging IT and biotech hub of India. It is known as the city of pearls and lakes. The pearl market is situated near Charminar.

Ornaments made with Rice Pearls can be bought from Char Kaman or General Bazaar Market. It is famous for its traditional markets such as Laad Bazaar, Sultan Bazaar and so on. It is also a source of attraction for tourists from all parts of the world.

Hyderabad is famous for its Char Minar, Falaknuma Palace, Salar Jung Museum, Makkah Masjid, Chilkur Balaji Temple, Husain Sagar, Sanghi Temple, Snow World and Ramoji Film City.

Area : 260 sq. kms

Main Languages : Telugu, Urdu, English and Hindi

Population : 5.2 million

Location :

Hyderabad city mainly comprises the twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad. The city is located in the west central part of Andhra Pradesh and is surrounded by Ranga Reddy district. The city is situated at a distance of 562 kms from Bangalore, 140 kms from Warangal and 276 kms from Vijaywada.

Climate :

Hyderabad has hot steppe type climate. Summers (April- June) are hot and dry. The maximum temperature reaches around 41ºC. Winters (November-February) in Hyderabad are pleasant and less chilly than north Indian regions. Winter days are warm and sunny, while nights are relatively colder. Night temperature during winters rarely drops below 10ºC. South-west monsoon comes to the city in June and remains till September.

Best Time to Visit : The best time to visit the city is from October to March.

Hyderabad The City of Nizams:

Hyderabad, the fifth largest metropolis of India, is the capital of the South India state, Andhra Pradesh. The city is perched on the top of the Deccan Plateau, 1776 ft., above sea level, spreading over an area of 260 sq. kms. Consisting of the twin towns of Hyderabad and Secunderabad, the city is popular worldwide as the former seat of the Nizams of Hyderabad.

The city was founded in 1590 by Mohammed Quli Qutb Shah, the fourth of the Qutab Shahi kings, on the banks of Musi river. Hyderabad has been the meeting point of various cultures and traditions, which can be seen in its cosmopolitan population.

The city is 400 years old now, but it still preserves its rich history, culture and a rich and varied heritage in arts, crafts and dance. In Hyderabad, architectural marvels like magnificent forts, majestic palaces, ancient mosques and temples, present an interesting blend of the Hindu and Islamic styles of architecture. Hyderabad is the also called the 'Pearl City' because of its major dealing in pearls and precious stones.


Major Attractions

1)Charminar :

Charminar (four minaret) has been the identity of the old city of Hyderabad for centuries. It was built in 1591 by Mohammed Quli Qutub Shah to commemorate the end of the deadly plague in Hyderabad.

The four arched monument stands amidst the lively bazaars and offers splendid views of the old city.

2)Mecca Masjid :

Just few metres away from the Charminar, this mosque is one of the biggest mosques in the world. The constrcution of the mosque was started by Mohammed Quli Qutab Shah in 1614, but was completed by Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb in 1692. It is said that the mosque can accommodate up to 10,000 worshippers at a time.

Lad Bazaar :

Located close to the Charminar, the Lad Bazaar was founded by Ladli Begum, the wife of Mir Mehboob Ali Khan, the sixth Nizam of Hyderabad. The colourful market is truly a shopper's paradise, one can buy traditional Hyderabadi glass and stone-studded bangles. In addition the appliquéd, skirts, bags and belts set with sparkling mirrors and tiny beads by Banjara gypsies are also sold here.

Salar Jung Museum :

Built to match the Victoria and Albert Museum in London, this museum is an amazing amalgam of antiquity and modernity. Mir Yusuf Ali Khan Salar Jung III, is believed to be the chief architect of this magnificent congeries of art.

It is said this museum has the largest one-man collection of the world. The museum displays 35,000 exhibits drawn from the four corners of the world including wood carvings, sculptures, religious objects, Persian miniature paintings, illuminated manuscripts, armour and weaponry and clothing of the Mughal emperors and Tipu Sultan.

Hussain Sagar Lake :

This beautiful lake was built by Hussan Shah Wahi on a tributary of the Musi river. The artificial lake connects the twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad. Along the bandh of the lake are 33 life-size statues of eminent personalities. Major attraction of the lake is the gigantic statue of Lord Buddha; the 18m high and 350 tonne monolithic statue stands amidst the lake.

Hussain Sagar Lake-Hyderabad’ s Riviera

Hussain Sagar the beautiful and placid lake located in the heart of the City, constitutes a continuum between history and the contemporary. Popularly known as Tank Bund, it has acquired trappings and environs that enhance its appeal to tourists as well as the denizens of the twin cities.

With numerous parks, recreation spots, temples, statuary, and a host of other tourists attractions, it has emerged as the most sought after tourist destination in the City.

Extending 24 kilometres, it built by Hazrat Hussain Shah Wali on a tributary of the Musi River during the time of that great builder Ibrahim Quli Qutb Shah, in 1562, to meet the water and irrigation needs of the city.

Necklace Road - A Glittering Garland of Hussain Sagar Lake

A new artery known as the Necklace Road links Lumbini park in Hyderabad with the Sanjeeviah park in Secunderabad. Necklace Road is the most popular boulevard and very scenic, its magnetism increased by a three-kilometer- long row of flowerbeds and lush green lawns running from north to south. On the west is a long protective and ornamental railing parallel to a row of wrought iron benches for romance-prone couples to forget time and mundane world.

The Necklace Road and the Tank Bund are great spectacles in the night and turn into rendezvous for relaxation and leisure. The Necklace Road is now much sought after by trade and industry for holding consumer melas and by the government to stage frequent cultural shows and programmes which are open to public.

Flanked by the Hyderabad Boat Club in the south and the Secunderabad Sailing Club in the north, Hussain Sagar becomes the annual venue for sailing events and regattas every year. One can see several rowboats and yachts gracefully navigating in the lake.


Most Popular Promenade with Myriad Attractions

Dotting the lawns and flowerbeds on the eastern side are an array of statues to commemorate the services of a host of luminaries who are an inseparable part of the history of the state. These bronze statues range from those of pioneers of Telugu classical poetry like Nannaya, the great saint composer Thyagaraja, the thirteenth century Kakatiya warrior queen Rudrama Devi, the illustrious founder of Hyderabad Muhammed Quli Qutb Shah, the bard Vemana of the sixteenth century to Arthur Cotton who harnessed the life-giving waters of the Krishna and Godavari rivers and made Andhra Pradesh the rice bowl of the south, and progressive writers and poets like Sri Sri and Maqdoom Mohiuddin.


Parks & Recreation around Lake Hussain Sagar

Lumbini park is one of the attractive leisure spots in the city. The park has a floral clock, nature trail, children’s play area, and musical fountains. The boating facility which is one of the major attractions is extended to the middle of the lake.

Lumbini Laserium:

The spectacular state of the laser show on the water screen with a musical fountain, is India’s first Multi media Laser Show, that narrates Hyderabad’s history, in a thrilling display of laser lights.

NTR Gardens:

A leisure and entertainment centre adjoining the Hussain Sagar Lake, the NTR Gardens houses a Memorial of Late Shri N.T. Rama Rao, former Chief Minister, with an exemplary piece of architecture.

The sprawling gardens, set up in an area of 36 acres, offers a serene atmosphere and yet provides recreation facilities such as Machan Tree, Japanese Garden, Car Café, Souvenir Shops, Fruit Restaurant and Children’s playing area. A mono rail system takes children around the Garden. It’s an amusement park with a difference…see it to believe it.

Sanjeevaiah Park:

One of the garden spots in Hyderabad is located near Hussain sagar lake. This park is well spread over with lush green trees meadows, beautiful landscaped gardens and play area for children. One of the significant features of the park is it has variety of high-breed rose plants of different colours. There is also a Rock Garden which is added attractions to the visitors.

Yogibear Children’s Park:

is located adjacent to Sanjeevaiah park. This park is an entertainment centre for children and toddlers. The park is b e a u t i f u l l y landscaped with small lawns. Play things like swinging bars, slides are added attractions for children. The park has a miniature Golf Tract of 19 holes, a snack bar and an event shed for conducting competitions.

Indira Park:

a recreation centre for children is situated near lower Tankbund. It is an excellent place for spending evening hours amid greenery and chirping of birds. The Park has a small lake with boating facility. It also has a rose garden with flowering, bushy trees. Adjacent to the park there is skating facility for children.

World’s Largest Monolith Statue of Buddha

The piece deresistance of the entire land and waterscape of Hussain Sagar is the 18-metre high and 350-tonne monolith of Gautama Buddha, in the middle of the lake, standing on what is known as the Rock of Gibraltar. Two beautifully decorated floating decks shuttle between the statue and the Lumbini Park, every day, several times and are equipped to stage cultural and musical shows. Another boating point is likely to come up at the Sanjeevaiah Park also. The boat rides are the most exciting experience of the tourists because they cover the most scenic spots around the lake like the Secretariat, the Raj Bhavan, Sanjeeviah Park, the Lumbini Park, Shri Venkateswara temple and the majestic Buddha statue.


Birla Temple:

Hussain Sagar lake radiates in the night the reflection of the Shri Venkateswara temple built by the Birlas on a hillock close to the Secretariat. The temple is a quarter century old and built of white marble and represents several schools of architecture. Though the South Indian school is prominent in the construction of the rajagopuram. Utkal styles of temple architecture marks the tower over the main shrine called the Jagadananda vimanam. The towers over the temples for the Lord’s consorts Padmavathi and Andal are again in the South Indian style. The temple has a 42-feet high flagstaff and the main idol of the Lord is 11 feet tall.


Imax Theatre:

Prasad’s IMAX, India’s 3 rd IMAX Theatre is located in the heart of the city on the banks of the Hussain Sagar Lake. It is a fully integrated family entertainment center. Spanning an area of 2,35,000 sq ft., this centrally air conditioned facility is a high tech, one stop recreation hub providing the people of Hyderabad with a unique and exciting experience, like never before.

Featuring the world’s most powerful film projector, the facility houses South India’s first Imax theatre. IMAX is a brand that is recognized worldwide. The facility possesses a 6-channel sound system with an output of 12,000 watts of digital surround sound. The Prasad’s IMAX Theatre has food outlets, coffee bars, gift shops etc.. setting a new benchmark in entertainment. The center also houses a five screen state of the art multiplex with a combined capacity of 1800 seats.

Hyderabad’s first food court, located in this complex, provides a sumptuous spread of multi-cuisine food interspersed with fast food counters.

Snow World:

Snow

World is the World’s Biggest and India’s 1 st Snow Theme Park. Spread over 17,000 square feet area, Lower Tank Bund Road, behind Indira Park, it is yet another landmark in twin cities.

Snow World has an indoor "Cryo Zone" full of attractions from a natural snowscape, with alpine forest, igloos, and simulated figures of penguins and polar bears.

Snow World has achieved yet another milestone by introducing Snow Fall, in thissouthern Indian city of Hyderabad, where there has never been a snowfall. This is the first of its kind of Snow Fall introduced by any Snow Theme Park or Snow Dome anywhere in the world All these snow wonders are made possible by artificially producing snow using state of the art technology supplied by Woomera Snow Guns Ltd., Australia. The snow is produced with pure mineral water.

Punnami Restaurant:

Punnami Restaurant Tank bund is centrally located in the heart of city. The restaurant offers excellent multi-cuisine


Eat Street Food Joint:

The Eat Street food outlet at People’s Plaza, Necklace Road is a fun place for the entire family, to enjoy all varieties of ‘chaat’ and delicious snacks in the enchanting lakeside ambience.

Parasailing & Boating Facilities at the Lake:

Boating and water sports are a regular feature in the Hussainsagar. The host of boating facilities on the lake, include the prestigious Bhagmati and Bhageerathi luxury cruisers. Both are ideally suited for get-togethers and meetings and Bhagmati has a beer bar-cum-restaurant.

Added to this, is providing new facilities like parasailing, speed boats, motor boats, 48 seater launch and more.

Birla Mandir (Venkateswara Temple) :

Overlooking the placid waters of the Hussain Sagar lake, the stunningly beautiful temple is perched atop the Naubat Pahad Hill. Built out of white marble, the temple architecture is a combination of the traditional north and south styles. Birla Mandir is dedicated to Lord Venkateswara, the presiding deity of the temple at Thirumala-Tirupathi .

Nehru Zoological Park :

Located near the Mir Alam Tank, the park provides shelter to a teeming wildlife population. The park is well known as the first Lion Safari park in South Asia. One of the largest zoos in India, the park has attractions like prehistoric animal section and toy train.


Excursions Golconda Fort :

This marvellous monument is located at a distance of 11 kms from Hyderabad. Situated on the outskirts of Hyderabad City, the historic fort dates back to 13th century. The city was ruled by Kakatiays of the 13th century, and was also the capital of the Qutab Shahi in the 16th century. Built on a 120 metre high granite hill, the fortress sprawls over 5 kms and is surrounded by 15 ft to 18 ft walls. One of the most remarkable features of this fort is its system of acoustics, whereby the sounds of hands clapped in the grand portico can be heard in the Durbar Hill, located atop of the hill.

Qutub Shahi Tombs :

The tombs of Qutub Shahi kings are situated one km north of the fort. These beautiful structures are surrounded by landscaped gardens and depict the third and final stage of the 17th century architecture. There are seven tombs; some of them display beautifully carved stonework.

Shilparamam :

Popular as a crafts village, Shilparamam is situated at a distance of 14 Kms from Hyderabad at Madhawpur. Apart from a crafts village, it is a beautiful place boasting of shimmering waterfalls and lush green lawns.

Osman Sagar :

The lovely picnic spot, is located at a distance of 20 kms from Hyderabad. Also known as 'Gandipet', the lake is the place from where the city receives its water supply.

Ramoji Film City :

Located 35 kms away from Hyderabad City, the Ramoji Film City is amongst the largest film producing centres in the world. The film sprawling over 1000 acres is an ideal place for picnic and weekend outings.


How To Reach:

By Air : Hyderabad Airport is well connected to all major cities of the country. A few international flights also connect the city with other countries.

By Rail : The city has two main railheads namely Hyderabad and Secunderabad, which are connected to all the important cities and towns of India.

By Road : The city lies at the intersection of two National Highways- N.H 7 & 9, so it is well linked to the major towns and cities of Andhra Pradesh and other parts of the country.

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MAA TELUGU TALLIKI MALLEPOODANDA

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TELUGU JANAGANAMANA

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VANDAEMATARAM SONG IN TELUGU

వంధే మాతరం వంధే మాతరం.....

సుజలం,సుఫాలం,మలయజా శీతలం.

శస్యాశ్యామలం మాతరం!

వంధే మాతరం!

శుభ్రజ్యోత్స్నా పులకితయామినిమ్

ఫుల్ళకూసుమిత ద్రుమదాల శోభినీం

సుహాసినీమ్ సుమాధుర భాశినిమ్...

సుఖధం వరదం మాతరం!

వంధే మాతరం!

60వ స్వాతంత్రీయ దినోత్సవ శుభాకాంక్షలు...................

వంధే మాతరం వంధే మాతరం..............................................................

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